The Trends and Challenges of Money Mule Investigation by Malaysian Enforcement Agency
Principal Category: Criminology
Authors: Mohd Irwan Abdul Rani, Salwa Zolkaflil, Sharifah Nazatul Faiza Syed Mustapha Nazri
Date: February 2023
DOI LINK: N/A
LICENSE: N/A
Source: (PDF) The Trends and Challenges of Money Mule Investigation by Malaysian Enforcement Agency (researchgate.net)
Abstract:
This article discusses the roles played by the enforcement agency, the current money mule situation, and the challenges faced by enforcement agency investigation officers in money mule investigations. An interview with informant from one of the Malaysian Enforcement Department, was conducted to gather his insights. An enforcement officer launches a money mule investigation based on the victim’s police report or Suspicious Transaction Report (STR).
Investigation into money mule cases received by law enforcement agency is guided by Penal Code 424 and AMLATFPUAA 2001, which clearly expound the offence implicated in the money mule syndicate. The output from the interview is analysed under content analysis, whereupon the large amount of extracted information is summarised and arranged into important themes that address the research objective. The major challenges faced in criminal investigation include lack of cooperation from telco, delayed response from banks when requested to provide crucial information, wrong public perceptions on enforcement agency’s aggressiveness to fight money mule, lengthy investigation procedure, limited resources and lackadaisical attitude towards money mule threat. The challenges undermine the fight to eradicate the money mule phenomenon, one of the most critical financial crime threats in Malaysia. A slew of changes that enforcement agency is keen to see are proposed, including a more proactive telco regulator, a shorter processing period by banks in responding to production orders from enforcement agencies, and a steeper involvement by the media to build public awareness.
Research Study/Article/Document
https://scampsychology.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Vol_13_February_2023_37-50.pdf
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IMPORTANT NOTE: This article is intended to be an introductory overview of complex psychological, neurological, physiological, or other concepts, written primarily to help victims of crime understand the wide-ranging actual or potential effects of psychological trauma they may be experiencing. The goal is to provide clarity and validation for the confusing and often overwhelming symptoms that can follow a traumatic event. It is critical to understand that this content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute or is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you are experiencing distress or believe you are suffering from trauma or its effects, it is essential to consult with a qualified mental health professional for personalized care and support.
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Some of our articles discuss various aspects of victims. This is both about better understanding victims (the science of victimology) and their behaviors and psychology. This helps us to educate victims/survivors about why these crimes happened and to not blame themselves, better develop recovery programs, and to help victims avoid scams in the future. At times this may sound like blaming the victim, but it does not blame scam victims, we are simply explaining the hows and whys of the experience victims have.
These articles, about the Psychology of Scams or Victim Psychology – meaning that all humans have psychological or cognitive characteristics in common that can either be exploited or work against us – help us all to understand the unique challenges victims face before, during, and after scams, fraud, or cybercrimes. These sometimes talk about some of the vulnerabilities the scammers exploit. Victims rarely have control of them or are even aware of them, until something like a scam happens and then they can learn how their mind works and how to overcome these mechanisms.
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